Distinguishing types of prototype testing

Prototype testing is not a single method but a collection of approaches that vary in detail and purpose. 4 major types that guide how teams evaluate early designs can be defined:

• A/B testing compares two design versions to see which performs better, helping refine decisions with evidence.
• Wireframe testing uses low-fidelity models to check whether users can understand layouts and flows before visuals or interactions are added.
• Concept testing evaluates whether the proposed idea resonates with users when presented as a prototype, ensuring the team builds something people actually want.
• Usability testing focuses on how easily users complete tasks in a prototype, uncovering obstacles in navigation, labeling, or interaction.

These 4 types work best at different moments. Wireframe and concept testing help in the earliest phases to validate direction, while usability and A/B testing provide detailed feedback once interactions are developed. Knowing which type to apply saves time and ensures that testing insights answer the right questions at the right stage.