HTML and CSS

HTML is a markup language that allows us to create and structure web content. However, its limitations were apparent even in the early days of the internet — no means to style the content, except for some basic text and background colors. So a new markup language was invented to be used alongside HTML — CSS, short for Cascading Style Sheets. It's called "cascading" because when a style is applied to one element, it automatically applies to all the elements nested inside it.

Nowadays, we use both HTML and CSS to create webpages — to structure and style content, respectively. CSS allows us to control text color, font, size, the spacing between elements, elements' position and layout, background images, colors, how the website looks on different devices and screen sizes, and more.^[1]