Conducting user validation sessions

User validation sessions help teams see whether the product specification reflects real user behavior. They are usually short, focused sessions where participants complete predefined tasks using a prototype. A facilitator introduces the session goals, while the observer silently watches how users interact with the design. Common tasks might include creating an account, finding a product, or completing checkout — actions that reflect the product’s key flows.

During the session, the facilitator encourages participants to “think aloud,” describing what they expect to happen and what confuses them. Subtle cues, such as hesitation, scanning, or backtracking, often reveal unclear logic or missing guidance in the specification. Afterward, all observations are logged and connected to specific requirements or user stories. This helps teams identify exactly where to refine the spec.

A short session with 5 to 7 participants is often enough to uncover major usability issues. This process ensures that validation results lead to concrete changes in the spec instead of vague feedback. When repeated throughout development, user validation creates a reliable loop between design intent and user reality.