Most modern 3D engines use triangles or polygons to describe shapes. However, some objects, such as spheres or other curved geometries, are impossible to describe with triangles, as the lighting comes out unnatural. The signed distance fields' (SDF) approach is based on the idea that each object can be described with a mathematical function. It takes a 3D point as a parameter and returns a value that indicates how distant that point is to the object's surface. SDF helps overcome 3D engines' limitations and allows creating multiple transformations, including scaling up, bending, twisting, and rotating geometries without ever losing detail.