What are conceptual models?

A conceptual model is essentially a high-level overview of how a system is structured and functions. It serves as a blueprint, detailing the key concepts users interact with, the tasks they can perform, and how everything connects within the system. This model helps users form a mental picture of how to navigate and use the system effectively.

For example, if designing a digital calendar app, its conceptual model might include:

• Design metaphors like a physical wall calendar to make the digital interface intuitive
• Concepts such as events or appointments with attributes like time, date, and notifications, and actions like create, edit, and delete
• Relationships showing how recurring events are linked to their original entries
• Mappings that align these concepts with tasks users typically perform with a calendar, such as scheduling and reminders

As a designer, your goal is to ensure that the models users create align closely with the intended design. This enhances overall user satisfaction and effectiveness.^[1]