Self-determination theory (SDT), created by Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan in the 1980s, is a psychological framework focused on understanding what drives human motivation. It identifies 3 key psychological needs, with autonomy being one of them. Autonomy is the desire for independence and the ability to make choices that align with our personal values and goals. This need greatly influences motivation and well-being.

Consider the difference between choosing a hobby and being forced to do a chore. When we pursue a hobby, we're following our interests and feel a sense of control and satisfaction. Conversely, mandatory chores feel frustrating or restrictive because we're given no choice. By understanding and encouraging autonomy, designers can create environments where people feel more motivated, valued, and empowered.